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Generally safe. High-dose chronic consumption may erode dental enamel (apply to liquid supplements). Rare reports of inflammatory reactions to citric acid derived from Aspergillus niger fermentation (theoretical allergy). Very safe at typical food/supplement quantities.
Natural organic acid widely used as acidulant, preservative, pH modifier, and chelating agent. E330. Present naturally in citrus fruits. GRAS. One of the most widely used food additives globally.
Acts on cellular signalling pathways relevant to the documented clinical indications. Contains bioactive compounds with enzyme-modulating, receptor-binding, or antioxidant properties studied in peer-reviewed literature.
Garcinia cambogia banned as food supplement following hepatotoxicity reports.
| Population | Safety rating | Max safe dose |
|---|---|---|
| General | Possibly safe | — |
| Pregnancy | Possibly safe | — |
| Elderly | Possibly safe | — |
No peer-reviewed clinical trial data found for this ingredient.
Data by supplement.ge — Public Health Institute of Georgia (PHIG)