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BANNED as dietary supplement in USA (FDA Final Rule 2004), EU, Canada, Australia, UK, Ireland, Netherlands. Causes tachycardia, hypertension, myocardial infarction, stroke, seizures, and death. 155+ deaths and thousands of adverse events reported before FDA ban. Contraindicated with MAOIs, sympathomimetics, caffeine, heart disease, hypertension, thyroid disorders, diabetes, glaucoma, psychiatric conditions.
Ma Huang containing ephedrine alkaloids — adrenergic agonists with potent cardiovascular and CNS stimulant effects. Banned as a dietary supplement in the USA (FDA 2004), EU, Canada, Australia, and most global jurisdictions following deaths from cardiovascular adverse events.
Ephedrine acts as sympathomimetic amine — releases norepinephrine and stimulates alpha and beta adrenergic receptors. Strong CNS and cardiovascular stimulant.
| Population | Safety rating | Max safe dose |
|---|---|---|
| General | Likely unsafe | — |
| Pregnancy | Likely unsafe | — |
| Elderly | Likely unsafe | — |
No peer-reviewed clinical trial data found for this ingredient.
Data by supplement.ge — Public Health Institute of Georgia (PHIG)