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Generally safe. Same caution as saffron carotenoids. Limited clinical data at food colourant quantities. No significant safety concerns identified.
Natural yellow carotenoid pigment from Gardenia fruits. Contains crocin and crocetin — same pigments as saffron. E164 in EU. Low toxicity. Used in food products in Japan and EU.
Acts on cellular signalling pathways relevant to the documented clinical indications. Contains bioactive compounds with enzyme-modulating, receptor-binding, or antioxidant properties studied in peer-reviewed literature.
| Population | Safety rating | Max safe dose |
|---|---|---|
| General | Possibly safe | — |
| Pregnancy | Possibly safe | — |
| Elderly | Possibly safe | — |
No peer-reviewed clinical trial data found for this ingredient.
Data by supplement.ge — Public Health Institute of Georgia (PHIG)